|
|
| Component |
Percentage |
| Oceans. |
97 % |
| Ice sheets. |
1.72% |
| Fresh water. |
2.5 % |
| Vapour. |
0.001 % |
| Ground water. |
0.74 % |
Need for Water Management: -
As a 21 st century issue, fresh water scarcity is ranked second to Global warming in an international Council for Science survey of environmental experts from more than 50 countries.
As a 21 st century issue, fresh water scarcity is ranked second to Global warming in an international Council for Science survey of environmental experts from more than 50 countries.
- The rate of water withdrawal in many large cities is 300 – 600 litres per day in industrially developed countries by the end of the century.
- By the year 2025, about 2/3 rd of the world's population will face scarcity of water and the problem may become aggravated in Afro-Asian countries.
- In 1985, there were 750 villages with no water sources and in 1996, the number increased to 65,000. [Top]
From the birth of our planet the quantum of water available is unchanged till this day. But due to growing population, rapid rate of urbanization, growing agricultural needs, concretization etc, the balance of water in the environment gets disturbed. The water scarcity can create serious problems. As per recent surveys, it is apparent that future causes of wars will be water availability. Also, excessive tapping of ground water through numerous borewells and tubewells has led to a decline of the water table.Water conservation can be done by having good leak detection facility, repairing visible as well as under ground leaks in time, recycling of sewer water, levying heavy penalty for wastage.
There are many ways of saving day-to-day used water by adopting the water saving gadgets and good saving habits. The young generation shall be properly trained form schooldays to realize the value of this precious resource.
All over the world, the scientists are involved in research on the possibilities of getting fresh water by artificial means such as cloud seeding and desalination of sea water, spending millions of dollars. On the other hand, rainwater harvesting is the most cost effective and efficient way of water management [Top]
